Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of vision loss in those over 50. It is a disorder that affects the macula (the central area of the retina) gradually reducing vision. The doctors at Cohen Eye Institute are experienced in the detection and management of age related macular degeneration. Below we will discuss age-related macular degeneration’s causes, risk factors, consequences, and therapies.
Age-related macular degeneration’s exact cause is unknown, however a mix of genetic and environmental factors is believed to be the reason. Some of the main causes of AMD are outlined below.
Oxidative damage: The accumulation of oxidative damage over time can cause damage to the cells in the retina, leading to the development of AMD.
Inflammation: Chronic inflammation in the eye can contribute to the development of AMD.
Abnormal blood vessel growth: Abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina can lead to the worsening of AMD.
Genetic factors: Certain genetic mutations can increase the risk of developing AMD.
There are several risk factors that can increase a person’s likelihood of developing age-related macular degeneration, including;
Age: The risk of developing AMD increases with age, especially for people over the age of 50
Smoking: Smoking is a known risk factor for AMD, smokers are 2 to 3 times more likely to develop the condition.
Race: Caucasian individuals are at a higher risk of developing AMD compared to other races.
Family history: A family history of AMD increases the risk of developing the condition.
Light-colored eyes: People with lighter-colored eyes are at a higher risk of developing AMD.
Poor diet: A diet low in fruits, vegetables, and fish can increase the risk.
Although age-related macular degeneration can have a range of effects, it typically decreases central vision. Daily activities that need a high level of visual detail, like reading, driving, and recognizing faces, may become difficult as a result. In severe cases, the illness may cause significant eyesight loss. It is important to check your eyes for AMD to prevent complications such as this. Book an exam today.
There is currently no cure for age-related macular degeneration, but there are several treatments available that can help slow its progression and reduce the risk of vision loss. Some of the most common treatments include
Antioxidant vitamins: Antioxidant vitamins, such as vitamins C and E, can help reduce the risk of developing AMD.
Anti-angiogenic drugs: Anti-angiogenic drugs can help slow the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the retina, reducing the risk of vision loss.
Laser therapy: Laser therapy can be used to destroy abnormal blood vessels in the retina, reducing the risk of vision loss.
Photodynamic therapy: Photodynamic therapy uses light-activated drugs to destroy abnormal blood vessels in the retina, reducing the risk of vision loss.
Vitamins used to prevent progression of dry AMD.
Used to stop growth of leaky blood vessels in wet AMD.
A laser used to treat leaky blood vessels in wet AMD
Age-related macular degeneration is a leading cause of vision loss in people over the age of 50. It is a progressive condition that affects the central part of the retina, causing vision loss in the center of the visual field.
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